NAT-PMP
NAT-PMP (NAT Port Mapping Protocol) is Apple's alternative to UPnP IGD, requesting router port mappings with a simple UDP protocol.
Purpose
It offers the Apple ecosystem a simpler port mapping protocol than UPnP, later superseded by the standardized PCP.
Mechanism
An internal host sends requests to the router over UDP 5351 (map a port, query the public IP), and the router replies, creating or reporting the mapping. It is lighter than UPnP's SOAP.
Use cases
- Apple NAT traversal
- Bonjour services
- Home routers
Related tools
HTTP Status Codes
Reference table of common HTTP status codes (1xx-5xx) with names, categories, and descriptions. Free, private, and 100% client-side. TOOL
URL Parser
Parse a URL into its components: protocol, host, path, query, hash, port, username, and password. Free, private, and 100% client-side. TOOL