RFC 793 TCP
RFC 793 is the foundational TCP specification written by Jon Postel in 1981, defining the state machines for connection establishment, data transfer, and teardown.
Purpose
It provides the Internet's reliable, ordered, connection-oriented byte-stream transport—the most important transport protocol above IP.
Mechanism
A three-way handshake establishes a connection (SYN/SYN-ACK/ACK); data segments carry sequence and acknowledgment numbers for reliable, ordered delivery; a four-way close tears it down (FIN/ACK). The state machine has 11 states (LISTEN/SYN-SENT/ESTABLISHED/...).
Use cases
- Reliable Internet transport
- Foundations of the TCP protocol
- Networking education
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