IP Defragmentation
IP defragmentation reassembles received IP fragments into the original complete packet at the destination, keyed by ID and offset.
Purpose
It reconstructs the original fragmented IP packet at the destination so that upper layers see complete data.
Mechanism
Fragments are grouped by (source IP, destination IP, ID, protocol) and stitched together in offset order; the last fragment with MF=0 determines the total length. If reassembly does not complete before the timeout, all fragments are discarded.
Use cases
- IP fragment reassembly
- Firewall fragment handling
- Network stacks
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