BBR
BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip propagation time) is a congestion control algorithm designed by Google that models bandwidth and RTT instead of relying on packet loss.
Purpose
It uses bandwidth efficiently on lossy, deeply buffered networks while avoiding bufferbloat, and it is the default within Google and for YouTube.
Mechanism
It periodically measures the bottleneck bandwidth max(bw) and the minimum RTT min_rtt, setting cwnd = bw * min_rtt * gain. A probing phase periodically nudges the sending rate upward to re-measure. Because it does not depend on loss, it remains efficient on lossy links.
Use cases
- Google internal networks
- Optimizing high-loss links
- Bufferbloat mitigation
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